An ontology for describing an International Data Spaces Ecosystem from three different perspectives: Sovereignty, Legitimacy and Economic. Soberana is based on OntoUML/UFO concepts. It has as puspose to present a basic conceptual model of the IDS domain and provide the user with a view of the data sovereignty aspects, legitimacy of participants, and the economic agreement for data exchange within these spaces. With the ontology, it should be possible to instantiate IDS organizational models according to the RAM-IDSA parameters, as well as retrieve information for the analysis of the models in the three mentioned aspects. Scope The ontology is aimed at modeling IDS organizational forms with their basic components, focusing solely on economic, data sovereignty, and legitimacy aspects. Its level of detail is directly related to the competence questions.
URI: http://soberana.com#Activity
A gufo:Event that is perfomed by sbrn:Actor. They can be related to Resources, in order to manipulate them. For example: sbrn:DataOperation is an Activity since is perfomed by a sbrn:DataCustomer manipulating Data (sbrn:Resource).
URI: http://soberana.com#Actor
A gufo:FunctionalComplex that plays roles within the IDS ecosystem by manipulating sbrn:Resources to achieve its objectives. This complex is responsible for coordinating actions and processes necessary for the operation and goals of the ecosystem.
URI: http://soberana.com#BrokerServiceProvider
An sbrn:IntermediaryParticipant responsible for storing metadata and making it accessible to sbrn:DataCustomers.
URI: http://soberana.com#CandidateParticipant
A gufo:Phase of the sbrn:DataSpaceParticipantState in which a participant expresses intent to join the IDS ecosystem. During this phase, the participant awaits evaluation and has not yet undergone formal assessment.
URI: http://soberana.com#Certificate
An sbrn:Resource that serves as evidence of certification for a participant or a system component within the IDS ecosystem.
URI: http://soberana.com#CertificationAct
A gufo:Event in which an sbrn:CertificationBody conducts a certification process over an sbrn:Actor. This event marks a transition between two gufo:Phase instances in the Actor's life cycle: it terminates the Actor's sbrn:EvaluatedParticipant phase and initiates its sbrn:CurrentParticipant phase.
URI: http://soberana.com#CertificationBody
An sbrn:IntermediaryParticipant responsible for certifying sbrn:CoreParticipant and sbrn:BrokerServiceProvider instances and certain sbrn:Resources.
URI: http://soberana.com#ConditionalClaim
A gufo:IntrinsicMode that represents the sbrn:DataCustomer’s conditional intent to acquire data. It expresses a demand that depends on specific conditions being met—such as a willingness to receive data only if a counterpart (e.g., payment) is provided. For example, Maria intends to obtain João’s data, but only if she pays him; this intent is modeled as a coex:ConditionalClaim.
URI: http://soberana.com#ConditionalCommitment
A gufo:IntrinsicMode that represents the sbrn:DataSupplier’s conditional commitment to offer an object—such as data—within the context of an agreement. This commitment is only fulfilled if certain conditions are met, such as receiving a counterpart from a data customer. For example, João is willing to provide data to Maria, but only if she pays; this intent is modeled as a coex:ConditionalCommitment.
URI: http://soberana.com#Connector
An sbrn:Resource, specifically a software component, responsible for enforcing an sbrn:DataUsagePolicy within the IDS ecosystem. The connector ensures that data usage complies with the agreed-upon policies during data exchange.
URI: http://soberana.com#CoreParticipant
An sbrn:Actor that plays a central role in the IDS ecosystem. Without these participants, the IDS ecosystem would lose its purpose. They typically act as both data suppliers and data customers.
URI: http://soberana.com#Counterpart
An sbrn:Resource representing the value object offered by an sbrn:DataCustomer in exchange for data owned by another party, typically within the scope of an economic agreement. It reflects what the sbrn:DataSupplier receives in return for providing access to data.
URI: http://soberana.com#CounterpartContribution
A gufo:Event in which an sbrn:DataCustomer contributes a counterpart as part of a negotiation process. Events of this type typically compose broader data exchange events and are categorized as instances of a coex:CounterpartContributionType, which classifies CounterpartContribution events.
URI: http://soberana.com#CounterpartContributionType
A gufo:ConcreteIndividualType which instantiates CounterpartContribution events.
URI: http://soberana.com#CurrentParticipant
A gufo:Phase of the sbrn:DataSpaceParticipantState in which the participant has been successfully certified by a sbrn:CertificationBody through a sbrn:CertificationAct, supported by a valid sbrn:Certificate. This phase reflects the actor's active and legitimate participation in the IDS ecosystem.
URI: http://soberana.com#Data
An sbrn:Resource that represents the primary object of negotiation within the IDS ecosystem. It consists of a fragment of information that may carry intrinsic or aggregated value. sbrn:Data is central to the ecosystem's purpose, as it is the main asset exchanged between participants under defined usage conditions.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataControlIntention
A gufo:IntrinsicMode that represents the sbrn:DataSupplier’s inherent intention to exercise control over their own data. It is an ontological intention—a mode of being—that reflects the agent’s commitment to a desired state: maintaining control over their data. This commitment guides the agent’s future actions. In the model, the intention to control data characterizes the sbrn:DataSupplier and gives rise to a sbrn:DataSovereigntyAct.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataCustomer
An sbrn:CoreParticipant responsible for purchasing or exchanging data within an IDS ecosystem. This participant can embody a combination of two roles: the DataUser, who utilizes the data, and the DataConsumer, who receives data from a DataProvider.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataOperation
An sbrn:Activity focused on manipulating sbrn:Data. This can be whatever operation over Data (writing, reading, etc).
URI: http://soberana.com#DataOperationRelator
A gufo:Relator that mediates the relation between the sbrn:Connector, the sbrn:DataUsagePolicy, and the sbrn:Data. It grounds the material relation sbrn:isAttached, which links a sbrn:DataUsagePolicy to a specific sbrn:Data. The sbrn:DataOperationRelator is founded on a sbrn:DataOperation event (such as reading or writing data) and is governed by the rules defined in the associated sbrn:DataUsagePolicy.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataOwnership
A gufo:Relator founded on a sbrn:DataSovereigntyAct, responsible for mediating the ownership relationship between a sbrn:DataSupplier and a specific instance of sbrn:Data. The legitimacy and scope of this ownership are defined by a corresponding sbrn:DataUsagePolicy, which specifies who may use, transfer, or modify the data. This relator formalizes and sustains the notion of data ownership within the IDS ecosystem.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataSovereigntyAct
A gufo:Event resulting from the intention to exercise control over data. It corresponds to a CommunicativeAct (speech act) of UFO-C in which an sbrn:DataSupplier publicly asserts its commitment to data control, typically through the proposition or acknowledgment of a sbrn:DataUsagePolicy. Ontologically, this event grounds social and normative relations, giving rise to two relators: sbrn:DataOwnership and sbrn:DataUsageRelator.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataSpaceParticipantState
A gufo:IntrinsicMode representing the general state of an sbrn:CoreParticipant or sbrn:Connector or sbrn:BrokerServiceProvider regarding its participation in the IDS ecosystem. This mode reflects the participant's commitment to a particular level of involvement, based on the IDS governance process. It is manifested through a sequence of gufo:Phase instances that describe the actor's lifecycle as a participant. These phases include candidacy, evaluation, certification, and eventual withdrawal.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataSupplier
An sbrn:CoreParticipant responsible for selling or exchanging data within an IDS ecosystem. This participant can combine two roles: the DataOwner, who holds the legitimate rights over the sbrn:Data, and the DataProvider, who supplies the sbrn:Data to others.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataUsageIntention
A gufo:IntrinsicMode that characterizes the sbrn:DataCustomer by its intention to use data. This intention drives the agent to perform operations on the data it receives from a sbrn:DataSupplier.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataUsagePolicy
A NormativeDescription from UFO-C, i.e., a description of rules recognized (and often created) by the sbrn:DataSupplier. The policy defines rules, permissions, and restrictions associated with the use of data by others, serving as the main instrument for formalizing and regulating the relation captured by the sbrn:DataUsageRelator. It may also include the specification of the ownership relation (sbrn:DataOwnership) between the sbrn:DataSupplier and the sbrn:Data. Thus, beyond regulating use, this policy establishes the legitimate ownership of the data by the supplier.
URI: http://soberana.com#DataUsageRelator
A gufo:Relator founded on a sbrn:DataSovereigntyAct, which mediates the authorized use of data between a sbrn:DataSupplier and a sbrn:DataConsumer. This relator is governed by a sbrn:DataUsagePolicy, which defines the permitted actions over the data. In other words, the policy configures the terms under which the consumer may access, use, or process the data provided by the supplier, establishing the normative foundation for data usage within the IDS ecosystem.
URI: http://soberana.com#DigitalAsset
An sbrn:Resource representing a value object offered by a sbrn:DataSupplier as part of an economic agreement. A sbrn:DigitalAsset is composed of sbrn:Data and an associated sbrn:DataUsagePolicy, combining the informational content with the normative rules governing its use. It encapsulates both value and usage conditions in a single exchangeable unit.
URI: http://soberana.com#EvaluatedParticipant
A gufo:Phase of the sbrn:DataSpaceParticipantState following an sbrn:EvaluationAct, during which the participant has been formally assessed by an sbrn:EvaluationFacility. The outcome of this process is an sbrn:EvaluationReport, which determines whether the actor meets the criteria to proceed toward certification.
URI: http://soberana.com#EvaluationAct
A gufo:Event in which an sbrn:EvaluationFacility conducts an evaluation process over an sbrn:Actor. This event marks a transition between two gufo:Phase instances in the Actor's life cycle: it terminates the Actor's sbrn:CandidateParticipant phase and initiates its sbrn:EvaluatedParticipant phase.
URI: http://soberana.com#EvaluationFacility
An sbrn:IntermediaryParticipant responsible for evaluating sbrn:CoreParticipant and sbrn:BrokerServiceProvider instances and certain sbrn:Resources.
URI: http://soberana.com#EvaluationReport
An sbrn:Resource that serves as evidence of evaluation for a participant or a system component within the IDS ecosystem.
URI: http://soberana.com#FormerParticipant
A gufo:Phase of the sbrn:DataSpaceParticipantState that begins when a participant ceases participation in the IDS ecosystem. This transition is formalized by a sbrn:TerminationAct and signifies the end of the actor’s involvement as a certified participant.
URI: http://soberana.com#IntermediaryParticipant
An sbrn:Actor that plays intermediary roles essential for the proper functioning of the IDS ecosystem, ensuring key characteristics such as sovereignty and legitimacy.
URI: http://soberana.com#Metadata
An sbrn:Resource used to describe and announce sbrn:Data within the IDS ecosystem. sbrn:Metadata enables the discovery and evaluation of data by other participants, typically serving as the basis for negotiation and exchange.
URI: http://soberana.com#MetadataAccess
A gufo:Relator founded on the sbrn:MetadataRetrieval event, mediating the relationship among the sbrn:DataCustomer, the sbrn:BrokerServiceProvider, and the sbrn:Metadata. When the sbrn:DataCustomer retrieves the metadata, these metadata are accessible because they are published (sbrn:publishedOn) via the broker.
URI: http://soberana.com#MetadataAssignment
A gufo:Event triggered by a gufo:Mode, specifically a coex:ConditionalCommitment that characterizes the behavior of an sbrn:DataSupplier. For instance, if João (a DataSupplier) intends to sell data to Maria (a DataCustomer), he will do so only if Maria pays him. This describes João’s conditional commitment to sell. Although the sale is conditional, the commitment motivates João (within the IDS context) to publish the sbrn:Metadata of his data to a sbrn:BrokerServiceProvider. Thus, the event of sbrn:MetadataAssignment is a manifestation of this conditional intention.
URI: http://soberana.com#MetadataDisclosure
A gufo:Relator founded on the sbrn:MetadataAssignment event, mediating the relationship among the sbrn:DataSupplier, the sbrn:BrokerServiceProvider, and the sbrn:Metadata. Once the sbrn:DataSupplier publishes the metadata, these metadata are, in turn, made accessible (sbrn:publishedOn) through the broker.
URI: http://soberana.com#MetadataRetrieval
A gufo:Event caused by a gufo:Mode, specifically a coex:ConditionalClaim that characterizes the behavior of an sbrn:DataCustomer. For example, if Maria (a DataCustomer) intends to buy data from João (a DataSupplier), she will only proceed if payment is required and accepted. This describes Maria’s conditional claim to purchase. Although the claim is conditional, it motivates Maria—within the IDS context—to retrieve the sbrn:Metadata of João’s data from the sbrn:BrokerServiceProvider. Therefore, the event of sbrn:MetadataRetrieval is a manifestation of this conditional intention.
URI: http://soberana.com#OfferedContribution
A gufo:Event representing the act of offering a contribution as part of an economic or data exchange. coex:OfferedContribution is an instantiation of coex:OfferContributionType events, specifically describing the contribution made by the offeror during the initial stage of a negotiation or exchange. It captures the proactive intent to provide something of value, such as data, in return for a counterpart.
URI: http://soberana.com#OfferedContributionType
A gufo:ConcreteIndividualType which instantiate OfferedContribution events.
URI:
http://soberana.com#OffereeUnconditionalAgreement
A gufo:IntrinsicMode that characterizes the sbrn:DataSupplier at the moment of sealing an economic agreement. It represents the supplier’s unconditional intention to deliver one or more sbrn:DigitalAssets—comprising both data and its associated usage policy. This mode arises once prior conditions (as expressed in a coex:ConditionalCommitment) have been satisfied and the agreement is finalized. It is mutually dependent on the coex:OffereeUnconditionalAgreement, as the supplier’s commitment only becomes effective when the customer also agrees to provide a valid sbrn:Counterpart.
URI:
http://soberana.com#OfferorUnconditionalAgreement
A gufo:IntrinsicMode that characterizes the sbrn:DataCustomer when entering into an economic agreement. It reflects the customer’s unconditional intention to provide a sbrn:Counterpart (e.g., payment, service, or data) in exchange for the agreed sbrn:DigitalAsset. This mode is the final stage of the customer's commitment, transitioning from a coex:ConditionalClaim. It is mutually dependent on the coex:OfferorUnconditionalAgreement, as the customer’s agreement is only valid when there is a corresponding offer of value from the supplier.
URI: http://soberana.com#Resource
A gufo:FunctionalComplex representing any object manipulated within the IDS ecosystem, where it has its significance in one or more processes.
URI: http://soberana.com#TerminationAct
A gufo:Event in which an sbrn:Actor either decides to leave the IDS ecosystem or ceases to be part of it due to the invalidation of its certification. This event marks a transition between two gufo:Phase instances in the actor’s life cycle: it terminates the sbrn:CertificatedParticipant phase and initiates the sbrn:FormerParticipant phase.
URI: http://soberana.com#calls
Domain: http://soberana.com#DataCustomer | Range:
http://soberana.com#DataOperation
URI: http://soberana.com#certifies
Domain: http://soberana.com#Certificate | Range:
Na34bd116aa004cdd8fe0e524ab320b48
URI: http://soberana.com#defines
Domain: http://soberana.com#DataUsagePolicy | Range:
http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#Relator
URI: http://soberana.com#describes
Domain: http://soberana.com#Metadata | Range:
http://soberana.com#Data
URI: http://soberana.com#emitsCertificate
Domain: http://soberana.com#CertificationBody |
Range: http://soberana.com#Certificate
URI: http://soberana.com#emitsReport
Domain: http://soberana.com#EvaluationFacility |
Range: http://soberana.com#EvaluationReport
URI: http://soberana.com#enforces
Domain: http://soberana.com#Connector | Range:
http://soberana.com#DataUsagePolicy
URI: http://soberana.com#evaluates
Domain: http://soberana.com#EvaluationReport | Range:
N8dbfe49d23cc461a9ee745417b44cd79
URI: http://soberana.com#founds
Domain: http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#Event | Range:
http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#Relator
URI: http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#inheresIn
Domain: http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#IntrinsicMode |
Range: http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#FunctionalComplex
URI: http://soberana.com#isAttached
Domain: http://soberana.com#DataUsagePolicy | Range:
http://soberana.com#Data
URI: http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#mediates
Domain: http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#Relator | Range:
http://purl.org/nemo/gufo#FunctionalComplex
URI: http://soberana.com#owns
Domain: http://soberana.com#DataSupplier | Range:
http://soberana.com#Data
URI: http://soberana.com#publishedOn
Domain: http://soberana.com#Metadata | Range:
http://soberana.com#BrokerServiceProvider
URI: http://soberana.com#publishes
Domain: http://soberana.com#DataSupplier | Range:
http://soberana.com#Metadata
URI: http://soberana.com#recognizes
Domain: http://soberana.com#CoreParticipant | Range:
http://soberana.com#DataUsagePolicy
URI: http://soberana.com#responds
Domain: http://soberana.com#DataSupplier | Range:
http://soberana.com#DataOperation
URI: http://soberana.com#retrives
Domain: http://soberana.com#DataCustomer | Range:
http://soberana.com#Metadata